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// framework

Fogg Behavior Model

BJ Fogg, Stanford Persuasive Technology Lab, 2009

Behaviour happens when Motivation, Ability, and a Prompt converge at the same moment — B=MAP. If a behaviour isn't happening, one of these three elements is missing.

// description

A model stating that behaviour (B) happens when three elements converge at the same moment: Motivation (the desire to do the behaviour), Ability (the capacity to do it easily), and a Prompt (a trigger or cue). B = MAP. If a behaviour isn't happening, one or more of these three elements is missing or mismatched.

// history

BJ Fogg, founder of the Stanford Persuasive Technology Lab, developed the Fogg Behavior Model based on twenty years of research into what drives human behaviour change. He formalized it in a 2009 paper and later popularised it through his "Tiny Habits" methodology and book (2019). The model underlies the design of most modern apps, onboarding flows, and behaviour change interventions. Fogg's tiny habits approach — starting with the smallest possible version of a desired behaviour — directly applies the "ability" axis of his model.

// example

Students aren't completing your course. Fogg diagnosis: Motivation — they enrolled enthusiastically but it's faded. Ability — modules are too long and dense (low ability to complete a unit in one sitting). Prompt — no email reminders after week 1. Fix: break modules into 10-minute lessons (increase ability), send a weekly "pick up where you left off" email (add prompt), open the next module with a quick win (refresh motivation).

// katharyne's take

The Fogg model changed how I design courses and onboarding sequences. "Why aren't people doing the thing?" is usually one of three answers — they don't want to enough, it's too hard, or there's no trigger. The most common mistake I see in digital products is assuming high motivation will compensate for high friction. It won't. Make things absurdly easy. Add a clear prompt. Then worry about motivation. The model is beautifully simple and I use it constantly.

// creative uses
// quick actions
// prompt ideas
Run a B=MAP audit on my [course completion rate / email opt-in / checkout conversion]. I'll describe what's currently happening: [describe the behaviour and the numbers]. For each of the three Fogg elements — Motivation, Ability, Prompt — tell me what's likely broken and give me one specific fix for each.
I'm designing the onboarding sequence for my new [digital product / course / membership]. Using the Fogg Behavior Model, help me map out the first three customer actions I need them to take, and for each one: confirm the motivation exists, identify any ability friction, and specify the exact prompt I should use (subject line, CTA copy, timing).
My [Etsy shop / KDP listings / email list] isn't getting enough reviews. Using B=MAP, help me diagnose the missing element and write a specific post-purchase email that addresses all three — Motivation, Ability, and Prompt — to get customers to leave a review. My product is [describe it briefly].
See also: Hook Model, Nudge Theory, Jobs to Be Done
← Nudge Theory Prospect Theory →